respiro Latin · revision 32546

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=la spīrō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛsˈpiː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [resˈpiː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''respīrō''' (present infinitive respīrāre, perfect active respīrāvī, supine respīrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|spīrō|t2=to breathe]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan thinks [[m|la|spīrō]] may imitate the sound of breathing; it has no direct cognates.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Ennius has it first, of someone who toils hard and gets no chance to take breath.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to recover one's breath: Cicero observes that people under water can no more breathe near the surface than in the depths.^(OLD 2012) Terence uses it of breathing again after a fright, and Cicero of a breathing space from trouble: in Rome there is no room to breathe.^(OLD 2012) Lucretius has winds that blow back.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also simply to breathe out, and to breathe at all;^(OLD 2012) Calpurnius uses it of a pipe that sounds, Statius of a place giving off bad air.^(OLD 2012) English [[m|en|respire]] comes from it, partly through French, in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) Church Latin glosses it to breathe, to find relief and to sigh with longing.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of pausing for breath.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of breathing again after a fright.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of winds blowing back.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of breathing and of a breathing space.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English borrows it as ''respire''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To recover one's breath; to recover from fear, breathe again.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To take breath, [[m|en|pause]]; to have a [[m|en|respite]]; of an activity, to abate.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To breathe out, [[m|en|exhale]]; to breathe, [[m|en|respire]]; of a pipe, to sound; of things, to give off a vapour.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To find relief; to sigh with longing.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[respīrāculum]]

+ * [[respīrāmen]]

+ * [[respīrāmentum]]

+ * [[respīrātiō]]

+ * [[respīrātus]]

+ * [[respīrātōrius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aspīrō]]

+ * [[cōnspīrō]]

+ * [[exspīrō]]

+ * [[īnspīrō]]

+ * [[interspīrō]]

+ * [[perspīrō]]

+ * [[prōspīrō]]

+ * [[spīrō]]

+ * [[suspīrō]]

+ * [[en|respire]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}