pravitas Latin · revision 32544

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=la prāvus}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prāvitās''' ''f'' (genitive prāvitātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prāvus|-tās|t1=crooked, bad]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|prāvus]], for which he has no etymology.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Terence, who has it once: a father asks what perversity it is that his own fault should harm his son.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) The TLL notes that after Terence it is found only in prose, from Cicero and Varro on.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The literal sense is crookedness: Columella warns that a crooked prop shapes the vine to its own likeness.^(OLD 2012) Cicero uses it of bodily deformity and of a distortion of the mouth in speaking.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More often it is a bad quality in anything, and above all moral depravity or wrong-headedness: Cicero speaks of a depravity of mind, Varro of the champions of an error.^(OLD 2012) Biblical manuscripts spell it ⟨prave-⟩ and ⟨prabi-⟩.^(TLL) Church Latin glosses it wickedness, guilt and evil.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of a perverse attitude.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of error in judgement.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of bodily deformity and of a depraved mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of a crooked vine prop.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|crookedness|alt=Crookedness]]; of the body, distortion, [[m|en|deformity]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A bad or faulty quality in anything; of the mind, perversity.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Moral [[m|en|depravity]], [[m|en|wickedness]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Wrong-headedness, error of judgement.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pravus|alt=prāvus]]

+ * [[depravo|alt=dēprāvō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}