insurgo Latin · revision 32540

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la surgō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ĩːˈsʊr.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [inˈsur.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnsurgō''' (present infinitive īnsurgere, perfect active īnsurrēxī, supine īnsurrēctum); third conjugation, third person-only in the passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|surgō|t2=to rise]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short quote Virgil first: in the ''Aeneid'' rowers are told to rise to their oars and pull hard.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The literal sense is to rise up, of a person or of a natural thing: Virgil also writes of darkness rising from the plains.^(OLD 2012) It is used of things that tower up and of forces that grow stronger: Seneca has grief that grows more stubborn every day.^(OLD 2012) With a dative it is to rise against someone, to rebel: Ovid uses it of rising against a kingdom.^(OLD 2012) Tacitus applies it to Augustus' rise to power, and Quintilian to a style that soars.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it to rise up, revolt against.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of rowers and of darkness rising.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of rising against a kingdom.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of grief that grows.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of a rise to power.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To get up, stand up, [[m|en|rise]]; of natural things, to rise up.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To climb a hill.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of motionless things, to [[m|en|tower]], rise up.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To grow in volume or intensity.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To rouse oneself; with a dative, to rise against, [[m|en|rebel]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To rise in rank or power.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of style, to become elevated, soar.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[īnsurrēctiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[surgo|alt=surgō]]

+ * [[en|insurgent]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}