excerpo Latin · revision 32526

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *kerp-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛksˈkɛr.poː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eksˈt͡ʃɛr.po]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''excerpō''' (present infinitive excerpere, perfect active excerpsī, supine excerptum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|carpō|t2=to pluck]], with ⟨a⟩ weakened to ⟨e⟩ in the compound.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|carpō]] to [[itc-pro|*karp-]] and [[ine-pro|*kerp-e/o-|t=to pick, pluck]].^(de Vaan 2008) He compares [[hit|karp(ii̯e/a)-zi|t=to take away, lift, pluck]], [[grc|καρπός|tr=karpós|t=fruit]], [[lt|kir̃pti|t=to chop, cut]] and [[ang|hærfest|t=autumn]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Terence, where a character complains that someone picks out what is good and tells only what is bad.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The literal sense, picking seeds out of fruit, is in Horace.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero uses it of picking out mentally, of choosing what good there is among evils, and of selecting passages from books: he made extracts of what each writer seemed to teach best.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From this it became the word for excerpting.^(OLD 2012) Late spellings include ⟨excarpo⟩ and ⟨scarpo⟩, as in a council of Tours of 567, which has ⟨scarpsa⟩ for an excerpted reading.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of picking out the good.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of choosing and of making extracts from books.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of picking seeds from fruit.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 567 – A council of Tours has the form ''scarpsa''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To pick out, take out.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To pick out mentally, [[m|en|select]]; to select a passage, [[m|en|excerpt]], make extracts from a book.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To take away, remove.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[excerptiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[carpo|alt=carpō]]

+ * [[decerpo|alt=dēcerpō]]

+ * [[discerpo|alt=discerpō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}