intolerandus Latin · revision 32524

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *tl-n(e)-h₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪn.tɔ.ɫɛˈran.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [in.to.leˈran.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''intolerandus''' (feminine intoleranda, neuter intolerandum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ The Vulgate and Orosius have the spelling ''intollerandus''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|tolerandus|t1=not|t2=to be endured]], the negative prefix with the gerundive of [[m|la|tolerō|t=to bear, endure]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists [[m|la|tolerō]] and intolerandus under [[m|la|tollō|t=to lift]], which he traces to [[ine-pro|*tl-n(e)-h₂-|t=to carry]], with the aorist *tel-h₂-, and compares [[grc|ἔτλην|tr=étlēn|t=endured]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus;^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first author is Pacuvius, who speaks of unbearable anxiety.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It describes what cannot be endured physically, as the unbearable cold in Hirtius and Livy, and what cannot be tolerated, as Cicero's intolerable tyrant and intolerable licence.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short call it classical.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius of unbearable anxiety.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of an intolerable tyrant.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Hirtius of unbearable cold.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Physically unendurable, [[m|en|insupportable]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # That cannot be tolerated, [[m|en|intolerable]], [[m|en|unbearable]], insufferable.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tolero|alt=tolerō]]

+ * [[intolerabilis|alt=intolerābilis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}