formidolosus Latin · revision 32512

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=la formīdō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [fɔr.miː.dɔˈɫoː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [for.mi.doˈlɔː.s̬us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''formīdolōsus''' (feminine formīdolōsa, neuter formīdolōsum, superlative formīdolōsissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''formīdulōsus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|formīdō|-ōsus|t1=fear]], with the diminutive element -ul-.^(OLD 2012) De Vaan reports Leumann's view that it rhymes with [[m|la|perīculōsus|t=dangerous]].^(de Vaan 2008) The origin of [[m|la|formīdō]] is uncertain: it may go back to *morm-, which would connect it with [[grc|μορμώ|tr=mormṓ|t=bogey, monster]], but de Vaan finds no Indo-European etymology for that group.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Naevius.^(Köbler 2010) Plautus has herbs that are frightening even to name, let alone to eat.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means causing fear, formidable or dangerous, and also fearful or timid: in Terence one man asks another whether he is frightened.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it fearful.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of frightening herbs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a frightened man.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Causing fear, [[m|en|formidable]], alarming, dangerous.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|fearful|alt=Fearful]], [[m|en|timid|alt=timorous]], frightened.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[performidolosus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[formido|alt=formīdō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}