scyphus Latin · revision 32511

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=grc σκύφος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsky.pʰʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈʃiː.fus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''scyphus''' ''m'' (genitive scyphī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|σκύφος|tr=skúphos|t=cup]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler, following Frisk, calls the further origin of the Greek word unexplained.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and Lewis & Short date it from Plautus, in the ''Asinaria''.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a large drinking cup with two handles, a goblet, in Varro, Cicero, Tibullus, Virgil, Horace and Pliny the Elder.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Church Latin it is also the cup used at communion.^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero in the ''Verrines''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a goblet.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A large two-handled drinking [[m|en|cup]], [[m|en|goblet]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A communion cup.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein contrasts the old Latin words [[poculum]] and [[calix]], which name any drinking vessel by its use, with scyphus, cantharus and cymbium, words of Greek origin that name particular kinds of cup by their shape.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}