desertor Latin · revision 32488

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *ser-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈsɛr.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈs̬ɛr.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēsertor''' ''m'' (genitive dēsertōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dēserō|-tor|t1=to abandon]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists [[m|la|dēserō]] among the compounds of [[m|la|serō|t=to join, string together]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*sere/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*ser-e/o-|t=to thread, tie together]], comparing [[grc|εἴρω|tr=eírō|t=to knit together]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it first in Cicero, who uses it three times;^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) in a letter to Atticus he contrasts a man thought to save his enemies with one who deserts his friends.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is anyone who abandons a person, a duty or a cause, as Cicero's deserter of the common good.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Most often it is a military term, a soldier who leaves his post, used once by Caesar and often by Livy, Tacitus and the jurists; the ''Digest'' distinguishes him from the [[transfuga]], who goes over to the enemy.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Servius and Isidore define the word, Isidore explaining that deserters are so called because they wander off after abandoning their military duties.^(TLL) Poets use it more freely: Ovid of a deserter of Love, Virgil of a deserter of Asia.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tertullian calls idolaters deserters of God, and Church Latin glosses it deserter or rebel.^(TLL)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a deserter of friends.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of a military deserter.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian of deserters of God.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 560–636 AD – Isidore of Seville explains the word.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # One who abandons or forsakes a person, duty or cause.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(military)'' A [[m|en|deserter]], a soldier who leaves his post.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A [[m|en|rebel]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[condesertor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[desero|alt=dēserō]]

+ * [[transfuga]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}