gladiatorius Latin · revision 32477

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=230/220–168 BC, Caecilius|origins=la gladius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɡɫa.di.aːˈtoː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ɡla.di.aˈtɔː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''gladiātōrius''' (feminine gladiātōria, neuter gladiātōrium); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|gladiātor|-ius|t1=gladiator]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists [[m|la|gladiātor]] and gladiātōrius among the derivatives of [[m|la|gladius|t=sword]], which he thinks Latin borrowed from Celtic or from a third language, comparing [[cy|cleddyf|t=sword]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest example is in Caecilius, of a band of men who look just like gladiators;^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) de Vaan dates it from Terence.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It describes what belongs to gladiators: Cicero speaks of a gladiators' school and of a band of gladiators, as do Caesar and Sallust, and of a gladiatorial struggle for one's life.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) It is also used of what resembles gladiators or is typical of them, as in Caecilius.^(OLD 2012) In the Middle Ages Sigebert of Gembloux uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 230/220–168 BC – Caecilius of a gladiator-like band.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a gladiators' school and troop.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1060–1070 – Sigebert of Gembloux uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of or belonging to [[m|en|gladiator|alt=gladiators]], [[m|en|gladiatorial]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Resembling or typical of gladiators.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[gladiātōrium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[gladiator|alt=gladiātor]]

+ * [[gladius]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}