viaticum Latin · revision 32470

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *wijā-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [wiˈaː.tɪ.kũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [viˈaː.ti.kum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''viāticum''' ''n'' (genitive viāticī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the neuter of [[m|la|viāticus|t=of a journey]] used as a noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists [[m|la|viāticus]] among the derivatives of [[m|la|via|t=road, way]], from [[itc-pro|*wijā-|t=road]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first, in the ''Captivi'', of provisions for a journey.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is provision for a journey, in food or money, a travelling allowance, as in Cicero, Livy and Horace.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Soldiers' savings were called viātica: Horace has a soldier of Lucullus who lost his savings, Tacitus soldiers who handed theirs over, and Suetonius centurions who paid for a horseman each from theirs.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is resources of any kind, as when Quadrigarius says a man had great resources for overthrowing the state.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) The ''Digest'' uses it of an allowance paid to a student by his family, and Venantius Fortunatus of a journey itself.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010) In Church Latin it is the Eucharist given to the dying.^(Stelten 1995)^(Etymonline)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of provisions for a journey.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of a soldier's savings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 533 AD – the ''Digest'' of a student's allowance.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English [[m|en|voyage]] is borrowed through French from Late Latin viāticum.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1560s – English [[m|en|viaticum]] is borrowed for the Eucharist given to the dying.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Provision for a journey; travelling money, travelling allowance.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A soldier's savings; money made abroad.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Resources, means.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' An allowance for a student abroad.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Etymonline)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' A journey.^(Conte 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' The [[m|en|viaticum]], the [[m|en|Eucharist]] given to the dying.^(Stelten 1995)^(Etymonline)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[viāticātus]]

+ * [[viāticulum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[via]]

+ * [[viāticus]]

+ * [[viātor]]

+ * [[viatrix]]

+ * [[viātōrius]]

+ * [[en|viaticum]]

+ * [[en|voyage]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}