socrus Latin · revision 32468

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *sweḱrúh₂}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsɔ.krʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsɔː.krus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''socrus''' ''f'' (genitive socrūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Inscriptions also have ''socera'' and ''socra''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Naevius and Accius use it as a masculine, “father-in-law”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*swekrū̆-|t=mother-in-law]], [[inh|ine-pro|*sweḱrúh₂|t=mother-in-law]], the feminine counterpart of the word continued by [[socer]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan explains the shift of the old ū-stem to a nominative in -us by the loss of a laryngeal in the oblique cases, as in [[m|la|neptis]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognates include [[sa|श्वश्रू|tr=śvaśrū́-|t=mother-in-law]], [[goh|swigar|t=mother-in-law]] and [[cy|chwegr]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Naevius, who uses it as a masculine for a father-in-law;^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) de Vaan dates the feminine from Ennius.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense mother-in-law, of a husband's or a wife's mother, prevailed in all periods: Terence writes that all mothers-in-law hate their daughters-in-law with one mind.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Only two passages of the old poets, in Naevius and Accius, use it of a father-in-law.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) With magna or maior it is a husband's or wife's grandmother or great-grandmother, as in Festus and the ''Digest''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Late glosses and inscriptions from North Africa have a masculine socrus, socrī, “father-in-law”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius of a father-in-law.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 533 AD – the ''Digest'' of a great-grandmother-in-law.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|mother-in-law]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # socrus magna, socrus maior, a husband's or wife's grandmother or great-grandmother.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(archaic)'' A [[m|en|father-in-law]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[socer]]

+ * [[nurus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}