prandium Latin · revision 32462

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pr̥h₃-mo-, ine-pro *h₁ed-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpran.di.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpran.di.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prandium''' ''n'' (genitive prandiī or prandī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ De Vaan explains it as [[itc-pro|*prāmo-ed-io-|t=first meal]], from [[m|itc-pro|*prāmo-|t=first]], [[ine-pro|*pr̥h₃-mo-|t=first]], and the root of [[m|la|edō|t=to eat]], [[ine-pro|*h₁ed-|t=to eat]];^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) the OLD gives the same analysis, comparing [[lt|pìrmas|t=first]] and [[ang|forma|t=first]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan also compares [[xfa|pramom|t=first (?)]].^(de Vaan 2008) The TLL thinks the word probably first meant a meal taken in the morning.^(TLL) Lewis & Short had connected the first part with a word for “early” and the second with [[m|la|diēs|t=day]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first and often, as in the ''Captivi'', of going to lunch.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a meal eaten about midday, a late breakfast or luncheon, as against [[ientaculum|alt=ientāculum]] and [[cena|alt=cēna]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short describe it as bread, fish and cold meat, and note that several dishes and wine at it were thought gluttonous;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca's is dry bread without a table.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero speaks of inviting someone to lunch and of lavish preparations for such meals.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary adds any meal, and fodder for animals.^(Wiktionary) In Medieval Latin it was also the right to be fed by a host, the compulsory provision of meals.^(Niermeyer 1976) Church Latin glosses it breakfast, meal or luncheon.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of going to lunch and of cooking lunch for someone.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of invitations to lunch.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca the Younger of a lunch of dry bread.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1820 – English [[m|en|prandial]] is formed from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A late [[m|en|breakfast]], [[m|en|luncheon]], a meal eaten about midday; any meal.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Fodder for animals.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The right to be fed by a host, compulsory catering.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[prandeō]]

+ * [[prandiolum]]

+ * [[prandiculum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dēprāns]]

+ * [[imprānsus]]

+ * [[prānsitō]]

+ * [[prānsor]]

+ * [[prānsōrius]]

+ * [[edō]]

+ * [[en|prandial]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}