marceo Latin · revision 32460

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *mr̥k-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈmar.ke.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈmar.t͡ʃe.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''marceō''' (present infinitive marcēre, perfect active marcuī); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*mark-ē-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*mr̥k-eh₁-|t=to be soaked, be weak]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan compares [[hit|markiye/a-|t=to disapprove of, refuse]] and [[sa|मर्चयति|tr=marcáyati|t=to damage]], and notes that the ⟨a⟩ needs explaining, either by unrounding of an o-grade or by vocalization of the zero grade.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD compares [[mga|mraich|t=malt]] and [[lt|merkiù|t=soak]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Lucretius, who asks someone whose body is not yet withering with years.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to be withered or flabby, to droop: Seneca has a sick heart drooping, and Claudian withered garlands.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More often it is to be enfeebled, weak or faint, as in Lucretius.^(OLD 2012) It is also to be languid, apathetic or idle: Livy has men wasting away through luxury, wine and feasting all winter, and Velleius says that on one side everything was vigorous, on the other everything languid.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that it is not used by Cicero or Caesar.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it to wither, droop, be faint, grow weak.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of a body withering with years.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of men enfeebled by luxury.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 20 BC–30 AD – Velleius of a languid side in a war.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be [[m|en|withered|alt=withered]] or flabby, [[m|en|droop]], shrivel.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be enfeebled, weak, faint.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be languid, apathetic, idle, [[m|en|lazy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[commarceō]]

+ * [[immarceō]]

+ * [[marcidus]]

+ * [[marcor]]

+ * [[permarceō]]

+ * [[marcēscō]]

+ * [[marcēns]]

+ * [[marculentus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[marcidulus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}