archipirata Latin · revision 32451

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=grc ἀρχιπειρατής}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''archipīrāta''' ''m'' (genitive archipīrātae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|ἀρχιπειρατής|tr=arkhipeiratḗs|t=pirate chief]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Greek word is made of [[m|grc|ἀρχι-|tr=arkhi-|t=chief]] and [[m|grc|πειρατής|tr=peiratḗs|t=pirate]], which Köbler connects with [[m|grc|πειράω|tr=peiráō|t=to attempt]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero has it first, in the ''Verrine Orations'' and ''De officiis''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the ''Verrines'' Cicero also calls the same man the leader of the robbers, praedōnum dux.^(TLL) Livy uses it of a pirate leader.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Quintilian quotes the word in his discussion of prose rhythm, as a cretic and a spondee.^(TLL) In Medieval Latin it is the commander of a fleet.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a pirate chief.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian cites it for its rhythm.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Middle Ages – a fleet commander.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|pirate]] chief, leader of pirates.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|commander]] of a fleet.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pirata|alt=pīrāta]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}