raptor Latin · revision 32422

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁rp-i-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈrap.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈrap.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''raptor''' ''m'' (genitive raptōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|rapiō|-tor|t1=to seize, snatch]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|rapiō]] to [[itc-pro|*rap-i-|t=to seize]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁rp-i-|t=to seize]], comparing [[grc|ἐρέπτομαι|tr=eréptomai|t=to devour, snatch away]] and [[lt|ap-rė́pti|t=to take, catch]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first, of handing over the plunder and the plunderers, and of a boy's kidnapper.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a robber or plunderer, and especially one who carries off a person by force, an abductor or ravisher;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short find it only in poetry and post-Augustan prose.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Mela applies it to a hunter or a beast of prey, and Pliny the Elder to someone who snatches something and rides away.^(OLD 2012) Isidore distinguishes it from related words.^(TLL) The early medieval law codes use it of robbers and abductors, and Church Latin glosses it robber, plunderer, extortioner.^(Köbler 2010)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of plunderers and of a kidnapper.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of a snatcher.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 560–636 AD – Isidore defines it.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|raptor]] is borrowed for a bird of prey; the sense of a ravisher follows about 1600.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|robber]], [[m|en|plunderer]]; a beast or bird of prey.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # One who snatches something and runs off.^(OLD 2012)

+ # An [[m|en|abductor]], kidnapper, ravisher.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[raptrīx]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rapāx]]

+ * [[rapidus]]

+ * [[rapīna]]

+ * [[rapio|alt=rapiō]]

+ * [[en|raptor]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein contrasts it with [[praedo|alt=praedō]], the robber in general: raptor is the robber of a particular person or thing.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}