manubiae Latin · revision 32418

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=compound|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=la manus, la habeō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''manubiae''' ''f pl'' (genitive manubiārum); first declension^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Augustus writes ''manibiae''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably [[af|la|manus|habeō|t1=hand|t2=to have, hold]], with a noun *-hibiae from [[m|la|habeō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan reconstructs *manu-habiai, perhaps from a singular *manu-habiēs, and mentions Leumann's intermediate adjective *manu-habo-.^(de Vaan 2008) He traces [[m|la|manus]] to [[itc-pro|*man-u-|t=hand]] and [[ine-pro|*mon-u-|t=hand]], and [[m|la|habeō]] to [[ine-pro|*gʰh₁b(ʰ)-(e)i-|t=to take]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Naevius.^(Köbler 2010) The OLD's first example is an elogium recording a temple built from spoils.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In military and legal language it is the general's share of the booty, or the money raised from its sale, which a general often spent on public buildings: Livy has a temple built from the spoils of captured cities.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Gellius reports Favorinus' distinction: praeda is the captured things themselves, manubiae the money the quaestor raised by selling them, though some writers confused the words.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is profit from other sources, as when Livy speaks of the spoils of thefts.^(OLD 2012) In the Etruscan lore that Seneca reports, it names the three thunderbolts of Jupiter, of which he hurls the third only after consulting the gods.^(OLD 2012) Köbler also records it in British Medieval Latin about 1150.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a general's spoils.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of a temple built from spoils.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca the Younger of Jupiter's thunderbolts.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The general's share of the [[m|en|booty]], or the money from its sale; [[m|en|prize money]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Profit, gain from other sources.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The three [[m|en|thunderbolt|alt=thunderbolts]] of Jupiter; also in the singular, one of them.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[manus]]

+ * [[habeo|alt=habeō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein groups it with [[praeda]], spolia and exuviae: praeda and manubiae are booty as gain from conquest, spolia and exuviae booty as a mark of victory; praeda is any booty, manubiae only the honourable booty taken in war.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}