sagum Latin · revision 32409

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsa.ɡũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsaː.ɡum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sagum''' ''n'' (genitive sagī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ An older masculine ''sagus'' is found in Ennius, Afranius and Varro.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably [[bor|xtg|-]]: the OLD calls it Gallic, Lewis & Short note that Polybius gave [[grc|σάγος|tr=ságos]] as a Celtic word, and Walde and Hofmann considered a loan from Gaulish.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan finds no etymology.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Ennius, who has the masculine sagus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a coarse woollen cloak or blanket: Cato and Columella use it of servants' clothing, Tacitus of the Germans, and Vegetius of horse blankets.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Most often it is the soldier's cloak: Cicero teases a friend that he may be cold in winter quarters without enough cloaks.^(Lewis & Short 1879) So it became the sign of war as the toga was of peace: saga sūmere or ad saga īre is to prepare for war, and in sagīs esse to be at war, all common in Cicero's ''Philippics''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Medieval Latin it is a blanket and the cloth serge.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius has the masculine sagus.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of servants' cloaks.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of putting on the military cloak.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of the cloak of the Germans.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A coarse woollen [[m|en|cloak]] or [[m|en|blanket]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # The soldier's cloak, the [[m|en|sagum]]; saga sūmere, to prepare for war; in sagīs esse, to be at war.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A blanket; [[m|en|serge]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sagulum]]

+ * [[sagatus|alt=sagātus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}