triremis Latin · revision 32390

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 50 BC, Caesar|origins=la rēmus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [trɪˈreː.mɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [triˈrɛː.mis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trirēmis''' (neuter trirēme); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ The noun is ''trirēmis'', genitive ''trirēmis'', feminine.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ The inscription of the Columna Rostrata has the spelling ''triresmos''.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|tri-|t=three]] and [[m|la|rēmus|t=oar]] with the adjective ending [[m|la|-is]];^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary suggests it may be a calque of [[grc|τριήρης|tr=triḗrēs]].^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs [[m|la|rēmus]] as [[itc-pro|*rē(s)mo-|t=oar]], from [[ine-pro|*h₁reh₁-(s)mo-|t=oar]], and compares [[grc|ἐρετμόν|tr=eretmón|t=oar]] and [[lt|ìrklas|t=oar]].^(de Vaan 2008) The ⟨-resmos⟩ of the Columna Rostrata, an inscription of 260 BC probably renewed in the 1st century AD, may show an old /s/, but de Vaan warns that the whole text may be archaizing.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Caesar, who uses it both as an adjective with nāvēs and as a noun.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is said of a ship with three oars to each bench, and as a feminine noun it is the ship itself, the trireme.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Caesar and Nepos use the adjective, and Caesar and Cicero the noun.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it as a galley with three banks of oars.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 260 BC – the date of the Columna Rostrata, probably renewed later, which has the spelling ''triresmos''.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of ships with three banks of oars.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1600 – English [[m|en|trireme]] is borrowed from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of ships, having three [[m|en|oar|alt=oars]] to each bench, with three banks of oars.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|trireme]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[remus|alt=rēmus]]

+ * [[biremis|alt=birēmis]]

+ * [[remex|alt=rēmex]]

+ * [[en|trireme]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}