fulgur Latin · revision 32377

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *bʰl̥g-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈfʊɫ.ɡʊr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈful.ɡur]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fulgur''' ''n'' (genitive fulguris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Festus gives a nominative ''fulgus'', and Lucretius has the oblique stem ''fulger-''.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*folg-os-|t=brightness]], from the root of [[m|la|fulgeō|t=to flash, shine]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains the zero grade [[m|ine-pro|*bʰl̥g-os-]] as showing that the noun was made from the verb at an early stage, and traces the verb to [[ine-pro|*bʰl̥g-e/o-|t=to shine]], comparing [[grc|φλέγω|tr=phlégō|t=to burn]] and [[grc|φλόξ|tr=phlóx|t=flame]].^(de Vaan 2008) The regular outcome would have been a nominative fulgus with an oblique stem fulger-, both of which are attested.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest examples are in Lucretius, of the particles that make the flames of lightning flicker.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a flash of lightning, and also lightning as what strikes: Horace has lightning striking the mountain tops, and the phrase condere fulgur was to bury ritually the traces of a lightning strike.^(OLD 2012) Vitruvius records Jupiter Fulgur as a title of the god.^(OLD 2012) Seneca uses it of a kind of meteor, and poets of any flash or gleam of light.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of flashes of lightning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of lightning striking mountain tops.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca the Younger of a kind of meteor.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A flash of [[m|en|lightning]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Lightning that strikes, a [[m|en|thunderbolt]]; condere fulgur, to bury the traces of a lightning strike.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A kind of [[m|en|meteor]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(poetic)'' A flash of light, gleam; brightness.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[fulgurālis]]

+ * [[fulgureus]]

+ * [[fulguriō]]

+ * [[fulgurō]]

+ * [[fulgurātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fulgeō]]

+ * [[fulgetrum]]

+ * [[fulgor]]

+ * [[fulmen]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[fulguratio|alt=fulgurātiō]] and [[fulmen]]: fulgur is a single, momentary flash, fulgurātiō continued lightning, and fulmen the bolt that strikes the earth.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}