immobilis Latin · revision 32371

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *m(i̯)euh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪmˈmoː.bɪ.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [imˈmɔː.bi.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''immōbilis''' (neuter immōbile); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inmōbilis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|mōbilis|t1=not|t2=movable]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives [[m|la|mōbilis]] from a preform ⟨*mowe-bli-⟩ of [[m|la|moveō|t=to move]], which he traces to [[ine-pro|*m(i̯)euh₁-|t=to move]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler finds it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who in the ''Dream of Scipio'' describes the earth, the ninth sphere, as staying motionless in one place.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is said of what cannot be moved, as Virgil's immovable rock of the Capitol, and of what does not move.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy calls the Macedonian phalanx unwieldy, and Velleius uses it of a man slow to act.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is unalterable, as Livy's law of fate, and emotionally unmoved, as Virgil says Italy had been unroused and unmoved before.^(OLD 2012) In the jurists it is used of immovable property, a use that runs through the medieval law codes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) English [[m|en|immobile]], first of property in the mid-14th century, came from it through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the motionless earth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of the Capitoline rock.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of the unwieldy phalanx.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English [[m|en|immobile]] is borrowed through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Immovable, fixed;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''(law)'' of property, [[m|en|immovable]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|motionless|alt=Motionless]], unmoving.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Unwieldy; slow to act.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|unalterable|alt=Unalterable]], unchanging.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Emotionally unmoved, imperturbable.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[immōbilitās]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}