stolidus Latin · revision 32370

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈstɔ.lɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈstɔː.li.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''stolidus''' (feminine stolida, neuter stolidum, comparative stolidior, superlative stolidissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan suggests it may belong to an unattested verb meaning to be insensible, with the suffix ⟨-idus⟩, beside [[m|la|stultus|t=stupid]], from [[itc-pro|*stolto-]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Pokorny derives both from the root [[ine-pro|*stel-|t=to place, set]], so that they first meant inert, from standing still; the OLD and Wiktionary compare [[grc|στελεός|tr=steleós]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Ennius calls the race of the Aeacidae dull, mightier in war than in wisdom.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means insensible, dull, brutish or stupid, and of actions or qualities foolish, as Catullus wishes to rouse a dull man from his torpor and Livy speaks of a stupid and shameless demand.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero applies it to inert causes that do nothing, such as place and time.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short give the first sense as immovable, whence slow and coarse.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein says that it marks a lack of reasonable moderation, a brutishness, where [[stultus]] is a lack of practical wisdom and [[fatuus]] a lack of taste.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of the Aeacidae.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of dull torpor.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1600 – English [[m|en|stolid]] goes back to it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Insensible, [[m|en|dull]], brutish, [[m|en|stupid]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of actions or qualities, foolish.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of things, inert.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[stoliditās]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}