perstringo Latin · revision 32355

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la stringō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɛrˈstrɪŋ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [perˈstriŋ.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''perstringō''' (present infinitive perstringere, perfect active perstrīnxī, supine perstrictum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|per-|stringō|t1=through, thoroughly|t2=to draw tight; to strip, graze]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains [[m|la|stringō]] as a merger of separate roots: a sense to tie or tighten, from [[ine-pro|*strengʰ-e/o-|t=to draw, tie]], and a sense to strip off or graze, from [[ine-pro|*stri-n-g-|t=to brush, strip]].^(de Vaan 2008) Both senses appear in this compound.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cato has it first, of binding a vine tightly.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to bind tightly or contract all over, as Ovid's tree closes round a woman's swelling womb.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More often it is to graze or brush along a surface, as Cicero asks what soil is so poor that a plough cannot scratch it, and Virgil uses it of grazing a thigh.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to hurt a reputation or someone's feelings, to censure, and to touch on a subject briefly, as when Cicero says the gravity of the matter will not let him pass over a crime in a few words.^(OLD 2012) Horace uses it of the threatening blare of horns that grates on the ears.^(OLD 2012) Manuscripts often confuse it with [[praestringo|alt=praestringō]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of binding a vine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of grazing the soil and of censure.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of sounds grating on the ears.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of grazing a thigh.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To bind tightly; to draw together, contract.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|graze]], brush; to blunt or dull by grazing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To hurt the reputation or feelings of; to [[m|en|censure]], reprove.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To skirt; to touch on briefly.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of sounds, to grate on the senses.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}