tabes Latin · revision 32321

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *teh₂-bʰ-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈtaː.beːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈtaː.bes]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tābēs''' ''f'' (genitive tābis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Lucretius has the ablative ''tābē''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from the stem of [[m|la|tābeō|t=to waste away]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*tāf-ē-|t=to be melting]] and [[ine-pro|*teh₂-bʰ-eh₁-|t=to be melting]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) He compares [[grc|τήκω|tr=tḗkō|t=to melt]], [[sga|taïd|t=melts]] and [[ru|та́ять|tr=tájatʹ|t=to melt, thaw]]; the OLD and Etymonline add Old English [[m|ang|þawian]], whence English [[m|en|thaw]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The sense “melt” survives in Latin only in Livius Andronicus; from “melt away” came “waste away”, the sense of all later texts.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler finds it first in Plautus;^(Köbler 2010) de Vaan dates it from Lucretius.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a wasting away of the body, from disease or emotion, and a wasting disease or plague: Cicero counts it among the effects of grief, and Livy uses it in a simile of a wasting disease.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also corruption and decay, the stench of rotting bodies, and figuratively moral corruption, as in Seneca.^(OLD 2012) Finally it is the liquid of decay: gore and matter from wounds, the water of melting clouds in Lucretius, and the poisonous ooze of a tunic in Ovid.^(OLD 2012) English took it over in the 17th century as a medical term for progressive emaciation.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of melted rain.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the wasting of grief.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1650s – English [[m|en|tabes]], “progressive emaciation”, is taken from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A wasting away, [[m|en|consumption]]; a wasting disease.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|corruption|alt=Corruption]], [[m|en|putrefaction]], decay; foulness; moral corruption.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The liquid of decay: gore, matter from a wound; melted fluid; a poisonous ooze.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(medicine)'' Progressive wasting of the body; in modern use, wasting from syphilis of the spinal cord.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tabeo|alt=tābeō]]

+ * [[tabesco|alt=tābēscō]]

+ * [[tabidus|alt=tābidus]]

+ * [[tabum|alt=tābum]]

+ * [[tabificus|alt=tābificus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}