detorqueo Latin · revision 32294

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *torkʷ-eie-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈtɔr.kʷe.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈtɔr.kʷe.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dētorqueō''' (present infinitive dētorquēre, perfect active dētorsī, supine dētortum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Cato has the perfect participle ''dētorsus'';^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) ''dētortus'' is usual from Cicero on.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dē-|torqueō|t2=to twist]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|torqueō]] to [[itc-pro|*torkʷ-eie-]] and the causative [[ine-pro|*torkʷ-eie-|t=to twist]], comparing [[hit|tar(k)u-|t=to dance]], [[sa|तर्कय-|tr=tarkaya-|t=to consider]] and [[txb|tärk-|t=to turn]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cato has it first, in the ''Origines'', of the Marrucini, whose name was twisted from that of the Marsi.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to turn or bend away, to deflect: Cicero uses it of a little bridge turned aside, and Virgil of a goddess turning her course to a king.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to turn a person's conduct for the worse, to twist something out of shape, as Cicero contrasts limbs well formed and twisted, and to distort a meaning, as in Cicero's ''De oratore''.^(OLD 2012) Augustine plays on it with [[torques|alt=torquēs]], a twisted collar.^(TLL) In Church Latin it is glossed to twist.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of a twisted name.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of distorted limbs and of a twisted argument.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of turning one's course.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To turn or bend aside, turn away, [[m|en|deflect]]; of paths, to deviate.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To turn behaviour aside, [[m|en|pervert]]; to divert an activity.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To twist out of shape, [[m|en|distort]]; to alter the form of words.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To distort the sense of, [[m|en|misrepresent]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[attorqueō]]

+ * [[circumtorqueō]]

+ * [[contorqueō]]

+ * [[distorqueō]]

+ * [[extorqueō]]

+ * [[intorqueō]]

+ * [[obtorqueō]]

+ * [[pertorqueō]]

+ * [[praetorqueō]]

+ * [[retorqueō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}