accumbo Latin · revision 32289

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la -cumbō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [akˈkʊm.boː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [akˈkum.bo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''accumbō''' (present infinitive accumbere, perfect active accubuī, supine accubitum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''adcumbō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|-cumbō|t2=to lie down]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs the nasal present behind [[m|la|-cumbō]] and [[m|la|cubō|t=to lie]] as [[itc-pro|*kumbe/o-|t=to lie down]], comparing Faliscan [[m|xfa|cupat|t=lies]]; since the root is limited to Italic and Celtic, he leaves its Indo-European origin uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first, in the ''Amphitruo'': “what after I bathed?” “you took your place at table”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The usual sense is to take one's place at table, reclining in the Roman manner;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Accius once has it with the table in the accusative, and Cicero uses it of Spartans who dine on oak benches.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to lie down in bed or elsewhere, and Virgil has a lion lying on its prey.^(OLD 2012) Plautus and Propertius use it of going to bed with someone, Plautus with the accusative.^(OLD 2012) Ovid once has it of a centaur falling prone.^(OLD 2012) In Church Latin it is to sit at table.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of taking one's place at table and of lying with a prostitute.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius with the table in the accusative.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of Spartans reclining on oak.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To take one's place at table, [[m|en|recline]] at a meal.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To lie down, in bed or elsewhere; to lie or rest on.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To go to [[m|en|bed]] with someone.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To fall prone.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[accubitiō]]

+ * [[accubitum]]

+ * [[accubitus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}