cumba Latin · revision 32285

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=second half of the 2nd century BC, Afranius|origins=grc κύμβη}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkʊm.ba]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkum.ba]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cumba''' ''f'' (genitive cumbae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''cymba'', the form under which Lewis & Short and Wiktionary list it.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|κύμβη|tr=kúmbē|t=boat]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Saalfeld 1874)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is a comedy of Afranius: “I board a fishing boat”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a small boat or skiff;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Elder ascribes its invention to the Phoenicians.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Virgil, Horace, Propertius and Statius it is above all the boat in which Charon ferries the dead across the Styx, as Horace's “to put us on the boat” of the lot of death.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is a writer's small talent: Propertius warns that the boat of his genius must not be overloaded, and Ovid and Quintilian use the same image.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Festus reports that the Sabines used the word for what soldiers call a litter.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * second half of the 2nd century BC – Afranius of a fishing boat.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a skiff.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of Charon's boat.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of its invention by the Phoenicians.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A small boat, [[m|en|skiff]]; especially the boat of [[m|en|Charon]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Figuratively, a modest talent or theme.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Among the Sabines, a [[m|en|litter]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cumbula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cymbium]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Medieval Latin has a separate ''cumba'', “valley”, from Gaulish (Wiktionary gives Proto-Celtic [[m|cel-pro|*kumbā]]), found in charters from 947,^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) and a ''cumba'', a dry measure, the English [[m|en|coomb]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}