itero Latin · revision 32279

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *(h₁)i-tero-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɪ.tɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈiː.te.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iterō''' (present infinitive iterāre, perfect active iterāvī, supine iterātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|iterum|-ō|t1=again, a second time]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The TLL compares [[m|la|autumō]] from [[m|la|autem]].^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|iterum]] to [[itc-pro|*itero-|t=the other]] and [[ine-pro|*(h₁)i-tero-]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the OLD find it in Plautus,^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) who has someone repeat things already heard and says “you were faithful, they keep saying you are unfaithful”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to do again or repeat an action, as Livy's battle-cry that the Romans repeated less eagerly, and to say again or repeat words, as Cicero's “to repeat the same point”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to recount or go over, and to renew an event, as Horace's warning that the fortune of Troy will be renewed with grim disaster.^(OLD 2012) In farming it means to plough land a second time, as Varro explains that after the first ploughing the clods must be broken; it is also to dye a second time, to traverse again, as Horace's “tomorrow we shall sail the vast sea again”, and in Gaius apparently to free a slave a second time.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein notes that [[iterum]] means a second time, [[rursus]] again.^(Döderlein 1874) Church Latin glosses it to repeat.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|iterate]] (1530s) is from its participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of repeating words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of ploughing a second time.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of repeating a point.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of renewing Troy's fate and sailing again.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English [[m|en|iterate]] is formed from its participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To do again, [[m|en|repeat]]; to renew.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To say again, [[m|en|reiterate]]; to repeat another's words; to recount.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(agriculture)'' To plough or hoe a second time.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To dye or apply a second time; to remake; to traverse again.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To multiply.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[iterabilis]]

+ * [[iterātiō]]

+ * [[iterātus]]

+ * [[reitero]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iterum]]

+ * [[en|iterate]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A rare ''iterō'' meaning to travel, from [[iter]], appears in glosses, and late inscriptions have an adverb ''iterō'', “a second time”.^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}