vociferor Latin · revision 32274

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=first quarter of the 1st century BC, Atta|origins=ine-pro *wōkʷ-s, ine-pro *bʰer-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [woːˈkɪ.fɛ.rɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [voˈt͡ʃiː.fe.ror]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vōciferor''' (present infinitive vōciferārī, perfect active vōciferātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ Varro has the active ''vōciferant'', and Livy the participle in an impersonal passive construction.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|vōx|ferō|t1=voice|t2=to carry]], a deponent verb.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|vōx]] to [[itc-pro|*wōkʷs]] and [[ine-pro|*wōkʷ-s|t=voice]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|वाक्|tr=vā́k|t=voice, speech]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is a line of the comic poet Atta, of someone shouting in the street.^(OLD 2012) De Vaan dates it from Varro.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to utter a loud cry, shout or yell, and of animals to make a loud noise, as Varro's cocks that often crow and Columella's goose that cried out at the coming of the Gauls while the dogs were silent.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) With an accusative it is to cry out words at the top of one's voice, as Cicero's “my day, voice and lungs would fail me if I tried to shout this now”, and with an accusative and infinitive or direct speech to cry out that.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein distinguishes it from [[clamo|alt=clāmō]]: both are human cries, but ''clāmāre'' expresses will, ''vōciferārī'' passion, in anger, pain or drunkenness.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * first quarter of the 1st century BC – Atta of shouting in the street.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of crowing cocks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of crying out words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of a goose crying out.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To utter a loud cry, [[m|en|shout]], yell, [[m|en|scream]]; of animals, to make a loud noise.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To cry out words, [[m|en|vociferate]], exclaim; to cry out that.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vox|alt=vōx]]

+ * [[clamo|alt=clāmō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}