exscindo Latin · revision 32272

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *ski-n-d-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛks(ː)kɪn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eksˈʃin.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exscindō''' (present infinitive exscindere, perfect active exscidī, supine exscissum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''excindō'';^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Cassiodorus insists on the ⟨s⟩, since the simple verb is ''scindō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|scindō|t1=out|t2=to split, tear]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|scindō]] to [[itc-pro|*ski-n-d-e/o-]] and the nasal present [[ine-pro|*ski-n-d-|t=to split, tear off]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|σχίζω|tr=skhízō|t=to split]] and [[sa|छिनत्ति|tr=chinátti|t=breaks, splits]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is Cicero's ''De Domo Sua'', of destroying the cities of enemies.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense is to tear out, but it is used above all of destroying or demolishing towns and buildings, as Virgil's Pergamum that could not be destroyed by Greek weapons and Statius' Mycenae.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of people it means to exterminate, as Sallust's “they drag off and destroy allies and friends” and Virgil's wicked race to be destroyed with the sword;^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Tacitus uses it of cutting the enemy to pieces.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Church Latin glosses it to raze to the ground,^(Stelten 1995) and Medieval Latin also has it of knocking out and breaking off.^(MLW) English [[m|en|exscind]] is a learned borrowing.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of destroying cities.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of exterminating people.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of the destruction of Troy's citadel.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of cutting the enemy to pieces.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To tear out; to [[m|en|demolish]], [[m|en|destroy]] towns or buildings.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|exterminate]], destroy people.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exscissōrius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[scindo|alt=scindō]]

+ * [[en|exscind]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}