sedulus Latin · revision 32263

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la dolus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈseː.dʊ.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsɛː.du.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sēdulus''' (feminine sēdula, neuter sēdulum, adverb sēdulō); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The OLD derives it from the adverb [[m|la|sēdulō|t=sincerely, diligently]], which it and de Vaan explain as [[af|la|sē-|dolus|t1=without|t2=guile]], an old ablative phrase *sē dolōd “without malice”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) Donatus, Servius, Nonius and Isidore already gave this derivation.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short call it an error and connect the word with [[m|la|sedeō|t=to sit]], as “sitting fast” at a task, like [[m|la|assiduus]];^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary also gives both explanations.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who in the ''Brutus'' contrasts eloquent speakers with merely industrious ones.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The adverb [[sedulo|alt=sēdulō]] is older, in Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means attentive, painstaking, busy or diligent, mostly in poetry: Horace's attentive serving boy and eager spectator, Tibullus' busy bee, Ovid's industrious old Baucis and the careful nurse.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it earnest, diligent, careful, zealous.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|sedulous]] (1530s) is from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of industrious speakers.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of an attentive servant.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 55–19/18 BC – Tibullus of the busy bee.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English [[m|en|sedulous]] is formed from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Attentive, painstaking, [[m|en|diligent]], busy, [[m|en|zealous]], [[m|en|sedulous]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[insedulus]]

+ * [[sēdulitās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sedulo|alt=sēdulō]]

+ * [[dolus]]

+ * [[en|sedulous]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}