cognitor Latin · revision 32255

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=86/82 BC, Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=la cognōscō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkɔŋ.nɪ.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkɔɲ.ɲi.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cognitor''' ''m'' (genitive cognitōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|cognōscō|-tor|t1=to get to know]], an agent noun.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) Lewis & Short explain the legal sense from one who has become familiar with a case.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it first in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' and Cicero.^(TLL) The OLD's earliest example is the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', of a man over sixty appointing a legal representative.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Roman law it is the representative who takes over another's suit, in set words and in the presence of the opponent, as Gaius explains;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero states that nobody can sue for another unless he has been made his attorney.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero also uses it of a person who vouches for someone's identity, in the ''Verrines'' of a man who was not known and could not provide a wealthy guarantor.^(OLD 2012) In Apuleius it is simply one who knows a person or thing.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it witness, knower,^(Stelten 1995) and in Medieval Latin it means a judge or an expert.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' of a legal representative.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of attorneys and of a guarantor of identity.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 140–180 AD – Gaius explains how an attorney is appointed.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius of one who knows a person.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # One who knows or is acquainted with a person or thing; a [[m|en|guarantor]] of someone's identity, a [[m|en|witness]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(law)'' A legal representative, [[m|en|attorney]], [[m|en|advocate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|judge]]; an expert.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cognitūra]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}