tour English · revision 3225

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1300|origins=grc τόρνος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /tʊə/, /tɔː/, US /tʊr/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|tour|t=a turn]],^(AHD 2000)^(MWU 2024) [[bor|fro|tour]], earlier tor, torn “a turn, trick, round, circuit”,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) from [[m|fro|torner|t=to turn]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[la|tornāre|t=to turn on a lathe]],^(Barnhart 1988) from [[m|la|tornus|t=lathe]],^(AHD 2000)^(Hoad 1986) from [[grc|τόρνος|tr=tórnos|t=lathe]].^(COED 2004)^(Cresswell 2021) It is related to [[turn]] and [[tournament]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ “A turn, one's shift on duty”: about 1300^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) or 1292.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A turning round, circular movement, from 1477, is rare and obsolete.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) The sense “a journey around a place or from place to place” is from 1643,^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) and a short outing for exercise or recreation from 1656.^(OED 1989) The verb meant “to take a turn about a place” from 1746, and “to make a long journey visiting many places” by 1789;^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) of plays and performers on tour it is by 1897.^(Etymonline) ''Tourist'' is from 1780, and ''tourism'' from 1811.^(Barnhart 1988) ''Tour of duty'' preserves the old sense “turn, spell of work”.^(Cresswell 2021) The Tour de France cycle race is attested in English by 1916.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1292 – one's turn.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1643 – a journey round many places.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1746 – verb, to travel about.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1780 – ''tourist''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1811 – ''tourism''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1897 – of a theatrical tour.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1916 – the Tour de France.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A journey for pleasure in which several places are visited.^(AHD)^(SOED 2002)

+ # A short visit to see a building or place: ''a tour of the castle''.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # A series of performances or matches in different places.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # A period of duty, especially abroad: ''a tour of duty''.^(AHD)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To travel round a place, especially for pleasure.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To travel from place to place giving performances.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[tourer]]

+ * [[contour]]

+ * [[ecotour]]

+ * [[minitour]]

+ * [[tourism]]

+ * [[tourist]]

+ * [[untoured]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[turn]]

+ * [[tournament]]

+ * [[tourney]]

+ * [[detour]]

+ * [[attorney]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In Scots ''by tour'' meant “by turns, alternately”.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}