peroro Latin · revision 32232

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables|origins=la ōs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɛˈroː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [peˈrɔː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''perōrō''' (present infinitive perōrāre, perfect active perōrāvī, supine perōrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|per-|ōrō|t1=through, to the end|t2=to plead, speak]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan takes [[m|la|ōrō]] as a verb made from [[m|la|ōs|t=mouth]], [[itc-pro|*ōs-]], against Walde–Hofmann and Ernout–Meillet, and notes that pleading or speaking openly is its oldest meaning.^(de Vaan 2008) Varro already derived [[m|la|ōrō]] from [[m|la|ōs]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its oldest example is in the Twelve Tables, which Köbler dates to about 450 BC: the parties are to present the case and argue it through when both are present.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to argue a case to the end or to plead at length, as Cicero finds it very hard to plead so great a case against such orators.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to deliver the final part of a speech, to wind up a case, as Cicero speaks of the opening, the narration and the conclusion.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it to pray, to bring a prayer to an end.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|perorate]] (c. 1600) is a back-formation from ''peroration'' or from its participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables of both parties arguing a case.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of pleading and of the conclusion of a speech.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1600 – English [[m|en|perorate]] is formed from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To argue a case to the end, [[m|en|plead]]; to [[m|en|harangue]] at length.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To deliver the final part of a speech, wind up a case, conclude.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To bring a prayer to an end.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[perōrātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[oro|alt=ōrō]]

+ * [[en|perorate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}