impertio Latin · revision 32187

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=itc-pro *parti-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪmˈpɛr.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [imˈpɛr.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''impertiō''' (present infinitive impertīre, perfect active impertīvī or impertiī, supine impertītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inpertiō'', and Livy has ''impartiō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ A deponent ''impertior'' occurs, and early Latin has the future ''impertibis'' (Novius).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|partiō|t2=to share, divide]], with the vowel weakened in the compound.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|partiō]] is from [[m|la|pars|t=part]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*parti-|t=part]];^(de Vaan 2008) Schrijver explains it as a pre-Latin formation from the present stem of [[m|la|pariō|t=to bring forth]], first meaning lot or portion.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is Ennius' ''Annals'', of a man with whom another gladly shares his table and his talk.^(OLD 2012) Plautus uses it of sending greetings to a lover and of sharing honours.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to give a share of something, impart, as Cicero says that the breath we draw is given and imparted to us by the gods; to communicate feelings, as grief; and to devote time or effort to something.^(OLD 2012) With a person as object and an ablative it is to make someone a sharer in something.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''impertire'' and [[tribuo|alt=tribuō]] mean giving a portion without regard to what the giver keeps, ''impertire'' out of goodwill and ''tribuere'' out of justice, whereas [[participo|alt=participō]] and [[communico|alt=commūnicō]] mean sharing something one keeps a part of.^(Döderlein 1874) Church Latin glosses it bestow, impart, share, grant, communicate.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of sharing a table.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of sending greetings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of breath given by the gods.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy has the form ''impartio''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To give a share of, [[m|en|impart]]; to communicate feelings; to devote time or effort.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To send a greeting; with ''cum'', to share with a person.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make one a sharer in, present with a share of.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[partio|alt=partiō]]

+ * [[pars]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}