aduro Latin · revision 32184

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *h₁eus-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [aˈduː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [aˈduː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adūrō''' (present infinitive adūrere, perfect active adussī, supine adustum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|ūrō|t2=to burn]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|ūrō]] to [[itc-pro|*ouse/o-|t=to burn]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁eus-e/o-|t=to burn]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|εὕω|tr=heúō|t=to singe]] and [[non|ysja|t=fire]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL's earliest examples are of food: in Terence's ''Adelphoe'' a cook complains “this is too salty, this burnt”, and Cato uses it too.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is to damage by fire, scorch or char, as Cicero's Indian sages who burn without a groan, and to burn up, as Horace's bones burnt in Colchian flames.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius uses it of bright light that often burns the eyes.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to dry out, as grapes in the sun in Varro, and in medicine to cauterize, as in Celsus.^(OLD 2012) Of cold and wind it means to nip or shrivel, as Virgil's piercing cold of the north wind, and of pests to blight, as Pliny the Elder's locusts; it also means to sting or chafe the skin.^(OLD 2012) Propertius uses the participle of Cleopatra branded by the blood of Philip's line.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it burn, set on fire, kindle.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of burnt food.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of light burning the eyes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of sages burnt without a groan.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of frost nipping the fields.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus of cauterizing an abscess.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|scorch]], singe, char; to burn up.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make dry.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(medicine)'' To [[m|en|cauterize]]; to prune by burning; to singe hair.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To imprint as a brand.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To cause a burning sensation, sting; to chafe.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of cold or wind, to nip, shrivel; to [[m|en|blight]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adustiō]]

+ * [[adustum]]

+ * [[inadustus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[uro|alt=ūrō]]

+ * [[adustus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}