curulis Latin · revision 32170

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *kr̥s-o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kʊˈruː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kuˈruː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''curūlis''' (neuter curūle); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is sometimes spelled ''currūlis''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Many since antiquity have taken it as the same word as [[m|la|currūlis|t=of a chariot]], and the OLD derives it, perhaps, from an unattested ⟨*currūlis⟩, [[der|la|currus|t=chariot]], with the suffix ⟨-ūlis⟩;^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Festus already connected it with the chariot.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|currus]] to [[itc-pro|*korso-|t=chariot]] and [[ine-pro|*kr̥s-o-|t=running, chariot]], from the root of [[m|la|currō|t=to run]].^(de Vaan 2008) Both the OLD and the TLL ask whether the word came instead, with the curule chair itself, from Etruscan.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first examples are an early honorary inscription granting a man and his descendants the place of a curule chair, and Cato's ''Origines'', of a man who had held curule office.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates it from Plautus.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It belongs above all to the ''sella curulis'', the chair of state inlaid with ivory used by the consuls, praetors and curule aediles, and to sit in it is to hold curule office.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) By metonymy it is the office or the magistrate: Cicero writes that thirteen of a family held the curule chair.^(OLD 2012) Of magistrates it means of curule rank.^(OLD 2012) Livy uses it, apparently, of the horses provided for the chariots at the games, and Lewis & Short give the sense of a chariot.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of a curule magistracy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century BC – Novius jokes about sitting in the curule chair.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a family's curule offices.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of chariot horses for the games.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''sella curulis'', the [[m|en|curule]] chair of the higher magistrates; to sit in it, to hold curule office.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # By metonymy, a curule office or magistrate.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of magistrates, of curule rank.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of a ceremonial [[m|en|chariot]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[currus]]

+ * [[curro|alt=currō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}