infectus Latin · revision 32166

+ {{homograph|1|not done}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *dʰh₁-k-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ĩːˈfɛk.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [iɱˈfɛk.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnfectus''' (feminine īnfecta, neuter īnfectum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The adjective “not done” is [[af|la|in-|factus|t1=not|t2=done, made]], the participle of [[m|la|faciō|t=to do, make]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary sets up [[itc-pro|*enfaktos]] and compares an Umbrian form of the same make-up.^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|faciō]] to [[m|itc-pro|*fak-i-]] and [[ine-pro|*dʰh₁-k-|t=to make]], a stem from the aorist of [[m|ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-|t=to put]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is in Plautus' ''Mostellaria'': “I make my gifts undone”, I take them back.^(OLD 2012) Cato asks what work has been done and what left undone.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means not made or done: of metal, unwrought, as the censors' ''aes infectum''; of actions, not performed; and in law ''damnum infectum'', damage that is feared but has not yet happened.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of purposes it means not achieved, chiefly in ''re infecta'', without accomplishing the business, as in Sallust, and ''infecta pace'' in Terence;^(OLD 2012) Sallust also uses it of what cannot be done, impossible.^(OLD 2012) It is also unfinished, as Propertius' prize demanded before the race is run, and Varro uses it of the tenses of uncompleted action.^(OLD 2012) Apuleius has it of words not yet coined.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it undone, unfinished, impossible.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of gifts undone.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of work left undone.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of leaving without making peace.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of business not accomplished and of the impossible.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of imperfective tenses.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of metal, not worked, crude, [[m|en|unwrought]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Not done or performed;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''damnum infectum'', damage apprehended; of a word, not coined.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Not achieved;^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary) ''re infecta'', without accomplishing the business; impossible.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|unfinished|alt=Unfinished]];^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''(grammar)'' imperfective.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ {{homograph|2|dyed; a dyeing}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=23/24–79 AD, Pliny the Elder|origins=ine-pro *dʰh₁-k-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnfectus''' ''m'' (genitive īnfectūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The noun “dyeing” is [[af|la|īnficiō|-tus|t1=to dye, stain]], a fourth-declension noun of action; the same form is the participle of that verb, dyed, stained or tainted.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The verb is [[m|la|in-|t=in]] with [[m|la|faciō|t=to make]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Pliny the Elder promises to speak of the dyeing of other wools.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The noun is post-Augustan and rare, found in the ablative in Pliny the Elder.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The participle means dyed or stained, and in Church Latin spoiled or infected.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995) A late noun of the same form in Oribasius means weakness.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of dyeing wool.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 325–c. 403 AD – Oribasius uses a noun of the same form for weakness.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The action of [[m|en|dyeing]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' Weakness, debility.^(TLL)

+

+ ===Participle===

+ # [[m|en|dyed|alt=Dyed]], stained; spoiled, [[m|en|infected]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[factus]]

+ * [[inficio|alt=īnficiō]]

+ * [[infectio|alt=īnfectiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}