pluvia Latin · revision 32165

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *pleu-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpɫʊ.wi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpluː.vi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pluvia''' ''f'' (genitive pluviae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|la|pluvius|t=rainy]], its feminine used as a noun, with [[m|la|aqua|t=water]] or [[m|la|tempestās|t=weather]] understood.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives the adjective from [[m|la|pluō|t=to rain]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*plow-e/o-|t=to rain]] and [[ine-pro|*pleu-e/o-|t=to swim, float]], with a metaphorical shift from floating to pouring rain.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|πλέω|tr=pléō|t=to sail, swim]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates the noun from Cato;^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates it from the Twelve Tables.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a fall of rain, rain: Cicero writes that he fears the rains, Virgil speaks of gentle and of heavy rains, and Juvenal of sheltering from the rain.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Servius and Isidore distinguish storm clouds, sudden and violent showers, from ''pluviae'', slow and steady rain.^(TLL) Döderlein explains that it is rain as a beneficial natural event that the thirsty ground absorbs, whereas [[imber]] and [[nimbus]] are unfriendly downpours that spoil fine weather.^(Döderlein 1874) The Vulgate uses it in the Book of Job, and later it also means a shower of something.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Church Latin keeps the sense rain.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables use it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses the noun.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of fearing the rains.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of gentle and heavy rains.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate of drops of rain.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|rain|alt=Rain]], a fall of rain.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' A [[m|en|shower]] of something.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pluviālis]]

+ * [[pluviāticus]]

+ * [[pluviātilis]]

+ * [[pluviōsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pluit]]

+ * [[pluvius]]

+ * [[pluo|alt=pluō]]

+ * [[imber]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}