obiurgo Latin · revision 32145

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂ieu-os}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔbˈjuːr.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [obˈjur.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''obiūrgō''' (present infinitive obiūrgāre, perfect active obiūrgāvī, supine obiūrgātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has the older form ''obiūrigō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+ A deponent ''obiurgor'' is also found.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ob-|iūrgō|t1=against|t2=to quarrel, scold]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives [[m|la|iūrgō]], with Plautus' form ⟨iūrigō⟩, from a noun [[m|la|*iūrago-]], from [[itc-pro|*ious-ago-]], “bringing the oath”, a compound of the word for law, [[m|la|iūs]], and the root of [[m|la|agō|t=to drive, do]];^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) Etymonline gives the same analysis, from a phrase meaning to proceed at law.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|iūs]] to [[ine-pro|*h₂ieu-os|t=vital force]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates the verb from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) in whose ''Bacchides'' a character complains that Chrysalus scolded him with very many harsh words.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to reprove, reprimand or rebuke a person, and to find fault with actions, as in Plautus' “my father found fault with this night and day”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short note that it is frequent and classical.^(Lewis & Short 1879) With an ablative it means to chastise or punish with blows or a fine, as Seneca's “punish that slave with a beating”, and without one to strike or slap, as Quintilian's slapping of one's chest and side.^(OLD 2012) Caelius uses the participle in an active sense.^(Lewis & Short 1879) English formed ''objurgate'' from the participle in the 1610s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of scolding.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of punishing a slave with blows.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian of slapping the chest.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1610s – English forms [[m|en|objurgate]] from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|reprove]], [[m|en|reprimand]], rebuke, [[m|en|upbraid]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To find fault with, censure.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To chastise, punish with blows or a fine; to strike, slap.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To dissuade by reproof; to urge reprovingly.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[obiūrgātiō]]

+ * [[obiurgātor]]

+ * [[obiūrgātōrius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iurgo|alt=iūrgō]]

+ * [[iurgium|alt=iūrgium]]

+ * [[ius|alt=iūs]]

+ * [[en|objurgate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}