hamus Latin · revision 32138

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈhaː.mʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈaː.mus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hāmus''' ''m'' (genitive hāmī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is unknown.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan notes that only [[grc|χαμός|tr=khamós|t=curved]] and [[m|grc|χαβός|tr=khabós|t=curved]] come close in form and meaning, but the variation within Greek is unexplained and the Latin long vowel rules out a borrowing.^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary mentions a possible link with [[gem-pro|*hamô|t=collar, harness, fishnet]].^(Wiktionary) Lewis & Short compared [[grc|ἅπτω|tr=háptō|t=to fasten]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) whose fishermen in the ''Rudens'' say that these hooks and rods are their living.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means a hook in general, as Lucretius' little rings and hooks, Caesar's iron hooks fixed in buried stakes, and the hooks of Virgil's chain mail.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means something hook-shaped, as the curved claws in Ovid, and above all a fish-hook.^(OLD 2012) Ovid also uses it of the barb of an arrow.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it hook, fish-hook.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of fishermen's hooks.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of linked rings and hooks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of iron hooks in stakes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of curved claws and of an arrow's barb.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|hook]]; something hook-shaped.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|fishhook|alt=fish-hook]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The [[m|en|barb]] of an arrow.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[hāmātus]]

+ * [[hāmotrahō]]

+ * [[hāmulus]]

+ * [[adhāmō]]

+ * [[hāmiformis]]

+ * [[hāmiōta]]

+ * [[hāmōsus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Isidore derived ''[[amicus]]'' “friend” from ''hamus'', as if a friend were bound by a hook, the chain of love.^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}