terrestris Latin · revision 32074

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ters-h₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [tɛrˈrɛs.trɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [terˈrɛs.tris]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''terrestris''' (neuter terrestre); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Florus has a masculine nominative ''terrester''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|terra|-estris|t1=earth, land]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Wiktionary suggests it may rather go back to a [[itc-pro|*terzestris]] built on a stem also seen in [[m|la|terrēnus|t=earthen]], the suffix being reanalysed later.^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|terra]] to [[m|itc-pro|*tersā-|t=earth]] and [[ine-pro|*ters-h₂-|t=dry land]], generally derived from the root [[m|ine-pro|*ters-|t=to dry out]] seen in [[m|la|torreō|t=to parch]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[osc|teras|t=earth]] and perhaps [[sga|tír|t=territory]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who jokes that a pig is a “land beast” and calls a dinner of pork a “land dinner”, and also prays to a “Jupiter on earth”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means living or taking place on land, as opposed to water, as Accius already uses it; living on or belonging to the ground; and belonging to this world, earthly or terrestrial, against the heavens.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero divides living creatures into the divine, the winged, the aquatic and the terrestrial.^(Lewis & Short 1879) English formed ''terrestrial'' from it in the late 14th century, as the opposite of ''celestial''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a pig as a land animal and of a Jupiter on earth.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius of slaughter on land.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of terrestrial creatures.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English forms [[m|en|terrestrial]] from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Living, operating or taking place on [[m|en|land]], as opposed to water.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Living on or in, belonging to, the ground.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Belonging to this world, [[m|en|earthly]], [[m|en|terrestrial]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[terra]]

+ * [[terrenus|alt=terrēnus]]

+ * [[en|terrestrial]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}