disturbo Latin · revision 32067

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la turba}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [dɪsˈtʊr.boː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [disˈtur.bo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''disturbō''' (present infinitive disturbāre, perfect active disturbāvī, supine disturbātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Lucretius has the contracted perfect ''disturbat'' for ''disturbāvit''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dis-|turbō|t2=to disturb]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) and [[m|la|turbō]] is made from [[m|la|turba|t=commotion, crowd]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan lists the compound among the derivatives of [[m|la|turba]] attested from Plautus on, and calls the further origin of the noun very uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL dates it from Plautus.^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008) Terence has it of breaking up a wedding.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to drive apart or throw into disorder, and of buildings to demolish, as in a municipal law forbidding anyone to unroof or pull down a building in the town.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius uses it of the long ages that destroy things, and Seneca of writers who deliberately jumble the order of words.^(OLD 2012) It is also to break up an activity or state, as Terence's plan to upset a marriage and Cicero's assembly broken up with swords.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “drive apart, drive into confusion, disturb, upset”.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Old French ''destorber'',^(TLL) the source, together with the Latin, of English ''disturb'' (late 13th century).^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of breaking up a wedding.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of time destroying things.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of an assembly broken up.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 13th century – English [[m|en|disturb]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To throw into disorder, [[m|en|disturb]]; to [[m|en|demolish]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To disarrange the order of words.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To break up, upset an activity or state.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[disturbatiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[turbo|alt=turbō]]

+ * [[exturbo|alt=exturbō]]

+ * [[perturbo|alt=perturbō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}