flatus Latin · revision 32018

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=ine-pro *bʰleh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈfɫaː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈflaː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''flātus''' ''m'' (genitive flātūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|flō|-tus|t1=to blow]], a verbal noun of the fourth declension.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan tentatively traces [[m|la|flō]] to [[ine-pro|*bʰleh₁-|t=to blow]], perhaps related to [[fleō|t=to weep]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Varro;^(Köbler 2010) Cicero writes in a letter that the south wind blowing hard against him carried him back to Regium.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the blowing of the wind, a blast or breeze, as in Catullus' villa exposed to the blasts of the south wind.^(OLD 2012) Of people it is breathing or a breath, especially a laboured one, a breath blown to kindle a fire, and in Horace the sound of a pipe.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Vitruvius uses it of a blast from bellows and of vapours rising from the ground, and Suetonius of wind from the bowels: Claudius planned an edict allowing it at dinner.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is pride or vainglory, as in Seneca.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “breath, blowing, blast”,^(Stelten 1995) and in medieval texts it is the breath of life, the soul.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a strong wind.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of the blasts of the south wind.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius of wind from the bowels.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Middle Ages – Of the breath of life.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ * 1660s – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|flatus]] “wind in the bowels”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A blowing of the wind, a blast, [[m|en|breeze]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|breathing|alt=Breathing]], a breath; a note blown on a pipe.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A current of air; an exhalation, vapour; wind from the bowels, [[m|en|flatulence]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Pride, [[m|en|vainglory]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The breath of life, the soul.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[flātō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[flo|alt=flō]]

+ * [[afflatus|alt=afflātus]]

+ * [[en|flatus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}