madidus Latin · revision 32002

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *mh₂d-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈma.dɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈmaː.di.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''madidus''' (feminine madida, neuter madidum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|madeō|-idus|t1=to be wet]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|madeō]] to [[itc-pro|*mad-ē-]] and [[ine-pro|*mh₂d-eh₁-|t=to be wet]], and rejects a link with Irish words for “to burst”.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|μαδάω|tr=madáō|t=to be moist]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius,^(de Vaan 2008) who uses it of a sow's womb softened by boiling.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Plautus already uses it of being drunk, in Mercury's threat to make a sober man tipsy.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that it is rare until after Augustus;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero has a packet of letters soaked with water.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It means wet or dripping, as Virgil's Menoetes in his streaming clothes, and specifically wet with tears, sweat or oil, and of a nose, running, as in Juvenal.^(OLD 2012) Of land it is well watered and of the climate damp; of fruit it is juicy, and of a substance liquid.^(OLD 2012) Martial uses it figuratively of a man steeped in the arts of Athens and Rome.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius of a sow's womb softened by boiling.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a drunk man.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a man dripping wet.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of a man steeped in learning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|wet|alt=Wet]], soaked, [[m|en|drenched]]; wet with tears, sweat or oil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of land, well watered; of the climate, [[m|en|damp]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Full of liquid; of fruit, juicy; liquid.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Softened by soaking or boiling, sodden.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|drunk|alt=Drunk]], [[m|en|tipsy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Steeped in something, full of it.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[madido]]

+ * [[sēmimadidus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[madeo|alt=madeō]]

+ * [[madefacio|alt=madefaciō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}