orbitas Latin · revision 31997

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₃orbʰ-o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɔr.bɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɔr.bi.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''orbitās''' ''f'' (genitive orbitātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|orbus|-tās|t1=bereaved]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|orbus]] to [[itc-pro|*orfo-|t=heir, orphan]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃orbʰ-o-|t=turning, one who is turned over]], hence “inheritance, heir”; after Weiss the root meant passing from one social class to another.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|ὀρφανός|tr=orphanós|t=orphaned]], [[sga|orb|t=heir]] and [[got|𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹|tr=arbi|t=inheritance]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who uses it of childlessness, of bringing children up to be lost.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the loss of a relative or other dear one, especially of a child, as Seneca's man struck by every kind of bereavement.^(OLD 2012) It is also orphanhood, as Cicero's children commended to the people as their guardian, and childlessness.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero explains it as lacking children, a sad thing, just as lacking eyes is blindness.^(TLL) In general it is loss or deprivation of anything, as Pliny the Elder's loss of an eye, and in Apuleius blindness.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of childlessness.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of orphanhood.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of bereavement.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of the loss of an eye.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius of blindness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|bereavement|alt=Bereavement]], the loss of a relative or dear one, especially a child.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|orphanhood|alt=Orphanhood]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|childlessness|alt=Childlessness]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Loss or deprivation of anything; blindness.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[orbātor]]

+ * [[orbō]]

+ * [[orbus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}