pudens Latin · revision 31985

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=la pudeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpʊ.dẽːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpuː.dens]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pudēns''' (genitive pudentis, comparative pudentior, superlative pudentissimus, adverb pudenter); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Used as an adjective, it is the present participle [[der|la|pudeō|t=to be ashamed]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan traces [[m|la|pudeō]] to [[itc-pro|*pud-ē-|t=to be ashamed or shy]], but its further origin is uncertain: Walde and Hofmann linked [[m|la|paviō|t=to strike]], Ernout and Meillet hesitantly a root “to press, hurry”, and a link with [[m|la|paveō|t=to be frightened]] is also conceivable.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Terence,^(Köbler 2010) who speaks of a modest mind.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means having a proper sense of what one's position requires, decent, and especially showing proper restraint, modest or bashful.^(OLD 2012) Cicero writes that it is hard for a modest man to ask for something great, and speaks of a decent and honest son;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) in Lucretius a lover calls a girl who cannot speak modest, and Horace speaks of being “wrongly modest”.^(OLD 2012) Of words and actions it is modest or restrained, as the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' says of a metaphor and Catullus of a request.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it “shamefaced, bashful, modest”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a modest mind.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of a girl called modest.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' of a modest metaphor.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a modest man and a decent son.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|decent|alt=Decent]], behaving properly.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|modest|alt=Modest]], [[m|en|bashful]], shamefaced; of words and actions, restrained.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|chaste|alt=Chaste]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[impudēns]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pudeo|alt=pudeō]]

+ * [[pudor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}