ligneus Latin · revision 31971

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la lignum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈlɪŋ.ne.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈliɲ.ɲe.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ligneus''' (feminine lignea, neuter ligneum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|lignum|-eus|t1=wood]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|lignum]] to [[itc-pro|*legno-]] and [[ine-pro|*leǵ(ʰ)-no-]]: either from the root “to collect”, as wood gathered for the fire, or with Ritter from the root “to lie”, as stray wood, both being equally possible.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has “the wooden horse the Achaeans sent”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means made of wood, as Cicero's little wooden bridge, Caesar's wooden towers and Tibullus' wooden god.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means woody in texture, as Pliny the Elder's walnuts with woody shells, and perhaps of people tough or stringy.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it “wooden”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of the wooden horse.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a wooden bridge.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of wooden towers.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of woody shells.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Made of wood, [[m|en|wooden]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|woody|alt=Woody]] in texture; of people, perhaps tough.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ligneolus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lignārius]]

+ * [[lignātiō]]

+ * [[lignātor]]

+ * [[lignor]]

+ * [[lignum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}