adversor Latin · revision 31967

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *wert-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [adˈwɛr.sɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [adˈvɛr.sor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adversor''' (present infinitive adversārī, perfect active adversātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ The archaic spelling ''advorsor'' is also found.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a denominative verb [[der|la|adversus|t=turned towards, opposite]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) the past participle of [[m|la|advertō|t=to turn towards]], from [[m|la|ad-]] and [[m|la|vertō|t=to turn]].^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary traces [[m|la|vertō]] to [[itc-pro|*wertō]] and [[ine-pro|*wert-|t=to turn]].^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sa|वर्तते|tr=vártate|t=turns]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first example in the OLD is in Plautus, “am I to oppose the gods?”^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to act against someone's wishes, to oppose or resist, also by force, as in Cicero's letters, and in argument, as the Academy's custom of always opposing everyone in debate.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Younger uses it of opposition in the courts.^(OLD 2012) Of abstract things it is to counteract or be unfavourable, and to be inconsistent with something, both in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Elder says cabbage is hostile to wine and radishes act against horned snakes and scorpions, and Tacitus uses it of a contrary wind.^(OLD 2012) Apuleius has it transitively, to oppress.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that it refers to opposition in opinions, feelings and intentions.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “resist, oppose”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of opposing the gods.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of opposing in argument and by force.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of plants that counteract poisons.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of a contrary wind.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius of oppressing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|oppose]], [[m|en|resist]], withstand; to oppose in argument or in court.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of things, to counteract; to be inconsistent with.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of plants and animals, to be hostile to; to act as an [[m|en|antidote]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of wind or tide, to be contrary.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To treat with hostility, oppress.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[adversus]]

+ * [[adverto|alt=advertō]]

+ * [[adversarius|alt=adversārius]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}