concubitus Latin · revision 31949

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *kumbe/o-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''concubitus''' ''m'' (genitive concubitūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|concumbō|-tus|t1=to lie together]], a noun of action.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The verb is [[m|la|con-]] and [[m|la|-cumbō]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*kumbe/o-|t=to lie down]]; since the root has /b/ and is found only in Italic and Celtic, its Proto-Indo-European origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xfa|cupat|t=lies]] and [[wlm|kyscu|t=to sleep]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first example in the OLD is in Plautus, where Jupiter says he made Alcmena pregnant with a son by lying with her.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its basic sense is lying together;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Varro explains ''[[concubium]]'', the time of first sleep, from it, and Propertius uses it of reclining together at dinner.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The usual sense is sexual intercourse, in Ovid, Livy, Virgil and Tacitus.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Caelius Aurelianus uses it for the firm closing of the teeth.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin has cohabitation and coitus,^(Stelten 1995) and in British medieval law forced intercourse is ''violentus concubitus''.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of Jupiter and Alcmena.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of lying together to sleep.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius of reclining at dinner.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil in the sexual sense.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A lying together, for sleeping or dining.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|sexual intercourse|alt=Sexual intercourse]], [[m|en|coitus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[concubitālis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[concubina]]

+ * [[cubo|alt=cubō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}