proprie Latin · revision 31947
19 Oct 2026, 18:16 by bogdan “Latin la10k: consessus, flexus, infaustus, nasus, concubitus, muliercula, proprie, imprudentia, intolerabilis, strepo” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=86/82 BC, Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=ine-pro *priH-o-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * Classical: [ˈprɔ.pri.eː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈprɔː.pri.e]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''propriē''' (comparative magis propriē, superlative maximē propriē)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|proprius|-ē|t1=one's own]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan follows Forssman in tracing [[m|la|proprius]] to [[itc-pro|*prijo-|t=own, dear]] and [[ine-pro|*priH-o-|t=own, dear]], with the prefix [[m|la|prō-]] taken from a verb ⟨*pro-priāre⟩ “to make one's own”, of which the hapax ⟨propriāssit⟩ in Festus may be a remnant.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|प्रिय|tr=priyá-|t=dear, own]], [[goh|frī|t=free]] and [[cy|rhydd|t=free]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Its first example in the OLD is in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', of something attributed to someone as their own.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It means as one's own, belonging to one person, and so on one's own account or privately, as in Cicero's “all Italy officially and all good men personally”, and individually, as in Lucretius.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It also means specifically, applying to one person or thing, and properly or strictly speaking, as Varro and Cicero use it of the proper sense of a word.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Cicero also has it in the sense appropriately and particularly, especially.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' in the sense as one's own.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius in the sense individually.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero in the senses privately, specifically and especially.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro in the sense strictly speaking.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adverb===
+ # As one's own; on one's own account, [[m|en|privately]]; individually.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # [[m|en|specifically|alt=Specifically]], so as to apply to one in particular.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # [[m|en|properly|alt=Properly]], strictly speaking; appropriately, rightly.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Particularly, [[m|en|especially]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[proprius]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}